771 lines
24 KiB
Plaintext
771 lines
24 KiB
Plaintext
'\" t
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.\" Title: useradd
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.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
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.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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.\" Date: 12/01/2019
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.\" Manual: Команды управления системой
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.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8
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.\" Language: Russian
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.\"
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.TH "useradd" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой"
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * Define some portability stuff
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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.el .ds Aq '
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * set default formatting
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" disable hyphenation
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.nh
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.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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.ad l
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.SH "НАЗВАНИЕ"
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useradd \- регистрирует нового пользователя или изменяет информацию по умолчанию о новых пользователях
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.SH "СИНТАКСИС"
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.HP \w'\fBuseradd\fR\ 'u
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\fBuseradd\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] \fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR
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.HP \w'\fBuseradd\fR\ 'u
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\fBuseradd\fR \-D
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.HP \w'\fBuseradd\fR\ 'u
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\fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fIпараметры\fR]
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.SH "ОПИСАНИЕ"
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.PP
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When invoked without the
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\fB\-D\fR
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option, the
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\fBuseradd\fR
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command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. Depending on command line options, the
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\fBuseradd\fR
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command will update system files and may also create the new user\*(Aqs home directory and copy initial files\&.
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.PP
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By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see
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\fB\-g\fR,
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\fB\-N\fR,
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\fB\-U\fR, and
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&.
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.SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ"
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.PP
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The options which apply to the
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\fBuseradd\fR
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command are:
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.PP
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\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \&
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.RS 4
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Allow names that do not conform to standards\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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The default base directory for the system if
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\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR
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is not specified\&.
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\fIBASE_DIR\fR
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is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory\&. If the
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\fB\-m\fR
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option is not used,
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\fIBASE_DIR\fR
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must exist\&.
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.sp
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If this option is not specified,
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will use the base directory specified by the
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\fBHOME\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd, or
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/home
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by default\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR
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.RS 4
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Любая текстовая строка\&. Обычно, здесь коротко описывается учётная запись, и в настоящее время используется как поле для имени и фамилии пользователя\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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The new user will be created using
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\fIHOME_DIR\fR
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as the value for the user\*(Aqs login directory\&. The default is to append the
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\fILOGIN\fR
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name to
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\fIBASE_DIR\fR
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and use that as the login directory name\&. The directory
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\fIHOME_DIR\fR
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does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-defaults\fR
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.RS 4
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Смотрите далее в подразделе \(FoИзменение значений по умолчанию\(Fc\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
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.RS 4
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The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format
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\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&.
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.sp
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If not specified,
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will use the default expiry date specified by the
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\fBEXPIRE\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR
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.RS 4
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Если указано значение 0, то учётная запись блокируется сразу после устаревания пароля, а при значении \-1 данная возможность не используется\&.
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.sp
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If not specified,
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will use the default inactivity period specified by the
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\fBINACTIVE\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd, or \-1 by default\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR
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.RS 4
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Имя или числовой идентификатор первичной группы пользователя\&. Группа с таким именем должна существовать\&. Идентификатор группы должен указывать на уже существующую группу\&.
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.sp
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If not specified, the behavior of
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will depend on the
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
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variable in
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/etc/login\&.defs\&. If this variable is set to
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\fIyes\fR
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(or
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\fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR
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is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname\&. If the variable is set to
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\fIno\fR
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(or
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\fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR
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is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the
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\fBGROUP\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]]
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.RS 4
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A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the
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\fB\-g\fR
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option\&. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
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.RS 4
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Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fISKEL_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user\*(Aqs home directory, when the home directory is created by
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\fBuseradd\fR\&.
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.sp
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This option is only valid if the
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\fB\-m\fR
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(or
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\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) option is specified\&.
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.sp
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If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the
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\fBSKEL\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd
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or, by default,
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/etc/skel\&.
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.sp
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Если возможно, выполняется копирование ACL и расширенных атрибутов\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR
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.RS 4
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Overrides
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/etc/login\&.defs
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defaults (\fBUID_MIN\fR,
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\fBUID_MAX\fR,
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\fBUMASK\fR,
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\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR
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and others)\&.
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Example:
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\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR=\fI\-1\fR
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can be used when creating system account to turn off password aging, even though system account has no password at all\&. Multiple
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\fB\-K\fR
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options can be specified, e\&.g\&.:
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\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIUID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \&
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\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIUID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-no\-log\-init\fR
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.RS 4
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Не добавлять пользователя в базы данных lastlog и faillog\&.
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.sp
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By default, the user\*(Aqs entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR
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.RS 4
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Create the user\*(Aqs home directory if it does not exist\&. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the
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\fB\-k\fR
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option) will be copied to the home directory\&.
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.sp
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By default, if this option is not specified and
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\fBCREATE_HOME\fR
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is not enabled, no home directories are created\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-no\-create\-home\fR
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.RS 4
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Do no create the user\*(Aqs home directory, even if the system wide setting from
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/etc/login\&.defs
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(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) is set to
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\fIyes\fR\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-no\-user\-group\fR
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.RS 4
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Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the
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\fB\-g\fR
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option or by the
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\fBGROUP\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd\&.
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.sp
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The default behavior (if the
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\fB\-g\fR,
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\fB\-N\fR, and
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\fB\-U\fR
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options are not specified) is defined by the
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
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variable in
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/etc/login\&.defs\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR
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.RS 4
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Разрешить создание учётной записи с уже имеющимся (не уникальным) UID\&.
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.sp
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This option is only valid in combination with the
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\fB\-u\fR
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option\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR
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.RS 4
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The encrypted password, as returned by
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\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&.
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.sp
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\fBNote:\fR
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This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&.
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.sp
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Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-system\fR
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.RS 4
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Создать системную учётную запись\&.
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.sp
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System users will be created with no aging information in
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/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the
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\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR
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range, defined in
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/etc/login\&.defs, instead of
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\fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR
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(and their
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\fBGID\fR
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counterparts for the creation of groups)\&.
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.sp
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Note that
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the default setting in
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/etc/login\&.defs
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(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR)\&. You have to specify the
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\fB\-m\fR
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options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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Apply changes in the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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Apply changes in the
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\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
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directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR
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.RS 4
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The name of the user\*(Aqs login shell\&. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the
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\fBSHELL\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\ \&\fIUID\fR
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.RS 4
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The numerical value of the user\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the
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\fB\-o\fR
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option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to
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\fBUID_MIN\fR
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and greater than every other user\&.
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.sp
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See also the
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\fB\-r\fR
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option and the
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\fBUID_MAX\fR
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description\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\-group\fR
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.RS 4
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Создать группу с тем же именем что и у пользователя, и добавить пользователя в эту группу\&.
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.sp
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The default behavior (if the
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\fB\-g\fR,
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\fB\-N\fR, and
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\fB\-U\fR
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options are not specified) is defined by the
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
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variable in
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/etc/login\&.defs\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR
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.RS 4
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Пользователь SELinux для регистрационной оболочки пользователя\&. По умолчанию это поле пусто, что заставляет систему выбрать пользователя SELinux по умолчанию\&.
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.RE
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.SS "Изменение значений по умолчанию"
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.PP
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When invoked with only the
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\fB\-D\fR
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option,
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will display the current default values\&. When invoked with
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\fB\-D\fR
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plus other options,
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will update the default values for the specified options\&. Valid default\-changing options are:
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.PP
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\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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The path prefix for a new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The user\*(Aqs name will be affixed to the end of
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\fIBASE_DIR\fR
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to form the new user\*(Aqs home directory name, if the
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\fB\-d\fR
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option is not used when creating a new account\&.
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.sp
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This option sets the
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\fBHOME\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
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.RS 4
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Дата, когда учётная запись пользователя заблокирована\&.
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.sp
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This option sets the
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\fBEXPIRE\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR
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.RS 4
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Число дней, которые должны пройти после устаревания пароля, перед тем как учётная запись будет заблокирована\&.
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.sp
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This option sets the
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\fBINACTIVE\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR
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.RS 4
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The group name or ID for a new user\*(Aqs initial group (when the
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\fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR
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is used or when the
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
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variable is set to
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\fIno\fR
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in
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/etc/login\&.defs)\&. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry\&.
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.sp
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This option sets the
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\fBGROUP\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR
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.RS 4
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Имя новой регистрационной командной оболочки пользователя\&.
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.sp
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This option sets the
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\fBSHELL\fR
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variable in
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/etc/default/useradd\&.
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.RE
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.SH "ЗАМЕЧАНИЯ"
|
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.PP
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|
The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the
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/etc/skel/
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directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in
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/etc/default/useradd
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or on the command line)\&.
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|
.SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ"
|
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.PP
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Нельзя добавить пользователя в группу NIS или LDAP\&. Это необходимо делать на соответствующем сервере\&.
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.PP
|
|
Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP,
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
will deny the user account creation request\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Имена пользователей должны начинаться со строчной буквы или символа подчёркивания, и должны состоять только из строчных букв, цифр, символов подчёркивания и минус\&. Они могут заканчиваться знаком доллара\&. Это можно описать регулярным выражением: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]?
|
|
.PP
|
|
Имена пользователей могут быть длиной не более 32 знаков\&.
|
|
.SH "НАСТРОЙКА"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The following configuration variables in
|
|
/etc/login\&.defs
|
|
change the behavior of this tool:
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Определяет, должен ли создаваться по умолчанию домашний каталог для новых пользователей\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Эта переменная не влияет на системных пользователей и может быть переопределена из командной строки\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR,
|
|
\fBgroupadd\fR, or
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The default value for
|
|
\fBGID_MIN\fR
|
|
(resp\&.
|
|
\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Highest user ID number for which the lastlog entries should be updated\&. As higher user IDs are usually tracked by remote user identity and authentication services there is no need to create a huge sparse lastlog file for them\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
No
|
|
\fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR
|
|
option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
\fBMAIL_DIR\fR
|
|
and
|
|
\fBMAIL_FILE\fR
|
|
variables are used by
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR,
|
|
\fBusermod\fR, and
|
|
\fBuserdel\fR
|
|
to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If
|
|
\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR
|
|
is set to
|
|
\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the
|
|
\fBMAIL\fR
|
|
environment variable\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
|
|
/etc/group
|
|
(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Данная возможность (разделение группы) позволяет ограничить длину строк в файле групп\&. Это полезно для ограничения длины строк групп NIS в 1024 символа\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Если вам нужно такое ограничение, укажите значение 25\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Максимальное число дней использования пароля\&. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Максимальное число дней между изменениями пароля\&. Любая смена пароля ранее заданного срока выполнена не будет\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Число дней за которое начнёт выдаваться предупреждение об устаревании пароля\&. Нулевое значение означает, что предупреждение выдаётся в день устаревания, при отрицательном значении предупреждение выдаваться не будет\&. Если значение не задано, выдача предупреждения отключается\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
If
|
|
/etc/subuid
|
|
exists, the commands
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
and
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR
|
|
(unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR
|
|
unused group IDs from the range
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR
|
|
to
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR
|
|
for each new user\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The default values for
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR,
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR,
|
|
\fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR
|
|
are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
If
|
|
/etc/subuid
|
|
exists, the commands
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
and
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR
|
|
(unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR
|
|
unused user IDs from the range
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR
|
|
to
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR
|
|
for each new user\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The default values for
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR,
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR,
|
|
\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR
|
|
are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR,
|
|
\fBgroupadd\fR, or
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The default value for
|
|
\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR
|
|
(resp\&.
|
|
\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&.
|
|
\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
or
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The default value for
|
|
\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR
|
|
(resp\&.
|
|
\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&.
|
|
\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
or
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The default value for
|
|
\fBUID_MIN\fR
|
|
(resp\&.
|
|
\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBUMASK\fR (number)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Задаёт начальное значение маски доступа для создаваемых файлов\&. Если не указано, то маска устанавливается в 022\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
and
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR
|
|
use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is also used by
|
|
\fBlogin\fR
|
|
to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if
|
|
\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR
|
|
is set) or by the specification of a limit with the
|
|
\fIK\fR
|
|
identifier in
|
|
\fBlimits\fR(5)\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean)
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы\&.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If set to
|
|
\fIyes\fR,
|
|
\fBuserdel\fR
|
|
will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
will create by default a group with the name of the user\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SH "ФАЙЛЫ"
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/passwd
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
содержит информацию о пользователях
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/shadow
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
содержит защищаемую информацию о пользователях
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/group
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
содержит информацию о группах
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/gshadow
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
содержит защищаемую информацию о группах
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/default/useradd
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
значения по умолчанию для создаваемой учётной записи
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/skel/
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
каталог, содержащий файлы по умолчанию
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/subgid
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Per user subordinate group IDs\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/subuid
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
Per user subordinate user IDs\&.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
/etc/login\&.defs
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
содержит конфигурацию подсистемы теневых паролей
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
\fBuseradd\fR
|
|
command exits with the following values:
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI0\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
success
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI1\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
can\*(Aqt update password file
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI2\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
invalid command syntax
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI3\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
invalid argument to option
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI4\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
UID already in use (and no
|
|
\fB\-o\fR)
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI6\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI9\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
username already in use
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI10\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
can\*(Aqt update group file
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI12\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
can\*(Aqt create home directory
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fI14\fR
|
|
.RS 4
|
|
can\*(Aqt update SELinux user mapping
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ"
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBchfn\fR(1),
|
|
\fBchsh\fR(1),
|
|
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
|
|
\fBcrypt\fR(3),
|
|
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
|
|
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
|
|
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
|
|
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
|
|
\fBnewusers\fR(8),
|
|
\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),
|
|
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
|
|
\fBusermod\fR(8)\&.
|