194 lines
6.1 KiB
Plaintext
194 lines
6.1 KiB
Plaintext
'\" t
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.\" Title: pwconv
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.\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz
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.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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.\" Date: 02/01/2022
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.\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme
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.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.11.1
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.\" Language: French
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.\"
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.TH "PWCONV" "8" "02/01/2022" "shadow\-utils 4\&.11\&.1" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em"
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * Define some portability stuff
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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.el .ds Aq '
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * set default formatting
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" disable hyphenation
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.nh
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.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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.ad l
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.SH "NOM"
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pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- Convertir vers ou depuis les fichiers de mots de passe ou de groupe cach\('es
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.HP \w'\fBpwconv\fR\ 'u
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\fBpwconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
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.HP \w'\fBpwunconv\fR\ 'u
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\fBpwunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
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.HP \w'\fBgrpconv\fR\ 'u
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\fBgrpconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
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.HP \w'\fBgrpunconv\fR\ 'u
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\fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.PP
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The
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\fBpwconv\fR
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command creates
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\fIshadow\fR
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from
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\fIpasswd\fR
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and an optionally existing
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\fIshadow\fR\&.
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.PP
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The
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\fBpwunconv\fR
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command creates
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\fIpasswd\fR
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from
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\fIpasswd\fR
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and
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\fIshadow\fR
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and then removes
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\fIshadow\fR\&.
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.PP
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The
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\fBgrpconv\fR
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command creates
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\fIgshadow\fR
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from
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\fIgroup\fR
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and an optionally existing
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\fIgshadow\fR\&.
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.PP
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The
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\fBgrpunconv\fR
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command creates
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\fIgroup\fR
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from
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\fIgroup\fR
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and
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\fIgshadow\fR
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and then removes
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\fIgshadow\fR\&.
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.PP
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These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files:
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/etc/passwd,
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/etc/group,
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/etc/shadow, and
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/etc/gshadow\&.
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.PP
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Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&.
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\fBpwconv\fR
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and
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\fBgrpconv\fR
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are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&.
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.PP
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\fBpwconv\fR
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will use the values of
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\fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR,
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\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and
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\fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR
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from
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/etc/login\&.defs
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when adding new entries to
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/etc/shadow\&.
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.PP
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Likewise
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\fBpwunconv\fR
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and
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\fBgrpunconv\fR
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are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by
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\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&.
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.PP
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The options which apply to the
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\fBpwconv\fR,
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\fBpwunconv\fR,
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\fBgrpconv\fR, and
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\fBgrpunconv\fR
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commands are:
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.PP
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\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
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.RS 4
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Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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Apply changes in the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory\&.
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.RE
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.SH "BOGUES"
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.PP
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Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run
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\fBpwck\fR
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and
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\fBgrpck\fR
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to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&.
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.SH "CONFIGURATION"
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.PP
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The following configuration variable in
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/etc/login\&.defs
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changes the behavior of
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\fBgrpconv\fR
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and
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\fBgrpunconv\fR:
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.PP
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\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number)
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.RS 4
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Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
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/etc/group
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(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&.
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.sp
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La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&.
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.sp
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Cette fonctionnalit\('e (groupe d\('ecoup\('e) permet de limiter la longueur des lignes dans le fichier de groupes\&. Ceci est utile pour s\*(Aqassurer que les lignes pour les groupes NIS ne sont pas plus grandes que 1024 caract\(`eres\&.
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.sp
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Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&.
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.sp
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Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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The following configuration variables in
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/etc/login\&.defs
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change the behavior of
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\fBpwconv\fR:
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.PP
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\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number)
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.RS 4
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Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number)
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.RS 4
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The minimum number of days allowed between password changes\&. Any password changes attempted sooner than this will be rejected\&. If not specified, 0 will be assumed (which disables the restriction)\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number)
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.RS 4
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Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&.
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.RE
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.SH "FICHIERS"
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.PP
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/etc/login\&.defs
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.RS 4
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Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \&\(Fc\&.
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.RE
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.SH "VOIR AUSSI"
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.PP
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\fBgrpck\fR(8),
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\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
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\fBpwck\fR(8)\&.
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