318 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
318 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
'\" t
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.\" Title: userdel
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.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
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.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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.\" Date: 01.02.2026
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.\" Manual: System Management Commands
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.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.19.3
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.\" Language: German
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.\"
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.TH "USERDEL" "8" "01.02.2026" "shadow\-utils 4\&.19\&.3" "System Management Commands"
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * Define some portability stuff
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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.el .ds Aq '
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * set default formatting
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" disable hyphenation
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.nh
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.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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.ad l
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.SH "NAME"
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userdel \- l\(:oscht ein Benutzerkonto und die dazugeh\(:origen Dateien
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.SH "\(:UBERSICHT"
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.HP \w'\fBuserdel\fR\ 'u
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\fBuserdel\fR [options] \fILOGIN\fR
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.SH "BESCHREIBUNG"
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.PP
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The
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\fBuserdel\fR
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command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name
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\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&.
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.SH "OPTIONEN"
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.PP
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The options which apply to the
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\fBuserdel\fR
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command are:
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.PP
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\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR
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.RS 4
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This option forces the removal of the user account and any other requested actions, skipping any safety checks\&.
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.sp
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\fINote:\fR
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This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
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.RS 4
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zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\fR
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.RS 4
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entfernt das pers\(:onliche Verzeichnis des Benutzers mit den darin enthaltenen Dateiein und die Mail\-Warteschlange\&. Dateien in anderen Dateisystemen m\(:ussen per Hand gesucht und gel\(:oscht werden\&.
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.sp
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The mail spool is defined by the
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\fBMAIL_DIR\fR
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variable in the
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login\&.defs
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file\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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Apply changes in the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&. No SELINUX support\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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Apply changes in the
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\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
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directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR
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.RS 4
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entfernt jegliche Zuordnung zu SELinux\-Benutzern f\(:ur das Benutzerkonto\&.
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.RE
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.SH "KONFIGURATION"
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.PP
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The following configuration variables in
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/etc/login\&.defs
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change the behavior of this tool:
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.PP
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\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string)
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.RS 4
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The mail spool directory\&. This is needed to manipulate the mailbox when its corresponding user account is modified or deleted\&. If not specified, a compile\-time default is used\&. The parameter CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL in
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/etc/default/useradd
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determines whether the mail spool should be created\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string)
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.RS 4
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Defines the location of the users mail spool files relatively to their home directory\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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The
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\fBMAIL_DIR\fR
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and
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\fBMAIL_FILE\fR
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variables are used by
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\fBuseradd\fR,
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\fBusermod\fR, and
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\fBuserdel\fR
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to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&.
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.PP
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If
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\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR
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is set to
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\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the
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\fBMAIL\fR
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environment variable\&.
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.PP
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\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number)
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.RS 4
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Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
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/etc/group
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(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&.
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.sp
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The default value is 0, meaning that there are no limits in the number of members in a group\&.
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.sp
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This feature (split group) permits to limit the length of lines in the group file\&. This is useful to make sure that lines for NIS groups are not larger than 1024 characters\&.
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.sp
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If you need to enforce such limit, you can use 25\&.
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.sp
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Note: split groups may not be supported by all tools (even in the Shadow toolsuite)\&. You should not use this variable unless you really need it\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string)
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.RS 4
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If defined, this command is run when removing a user\&. It should remove any at/cron/print jobs etc\&. owned by the user to be removed (passed as the first argument)\&.
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.sp
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The return code of the script is not taken into account\&.
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.sp
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Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs:
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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#! /bin/sh
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# Check for the required argument\&.
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if [ $# != 1 ]; then
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echo "Usage: $0 username"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Remove cron jobs\&.
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crontab \-r \-u $1
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# Remove at jobs\&.
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# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID,
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# even if it was shared by a different username\&.
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AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs
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find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e;
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# Remove print jobs\&.
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lprm $1
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# All done\&.
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exit 0
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.sp
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean)
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.RS 4
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Enable setting of the umask group bits to be the same as owner bits (examples: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) for non\-root users, if the uid is the same as gid, and username is the same as the primary group name\&.
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.sp
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If set to
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\fIyes\fR,
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\fBuserdel\fR
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will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and
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\fBuseradd\fR
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will create by default a group with the name of the user\&.
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.RE
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.SH "DATEIEN"
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.PP
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/etc/group
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.RS 4
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Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/login\&.defs
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.RS 4
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konfiguriert die Shadow\-Hilfsprogramme\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/passwd
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.RS 4
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Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/shadow
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.RS 4
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gesch\(:utzte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/shadow\-maint/userdel\-pre\&.d/*, /etc/shadow\-maint/userdel\-post\&.d/*
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.RS 4
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Run\-part files to execute during user deletion\&. The environment variable
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\fBACTION\fR
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will be populated with
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\fBuserdel\fR
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and
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\fBSUBJECT\fR
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with the username\&.
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userdel\-pre\&.d
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will be executed prior to any user deletion\&.
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userdel\-post\&.d
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will execute after user deletion\&. If a script exits non\-zero then execution will terminate\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/subgid
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.RS 4
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enth\(:alt untergeordnete Gruppenkennungen der einzelnen Benutzer\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/subuid
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.RS 4
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enth\(:alt untergeordnete Benutzerkennungen der einzelnen Benutzer\&.
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.RE
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.SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE"
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.PP
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The
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\fBuserdel\fR
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command exits with the following values:
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.PP
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\fI0\fR
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.RS 4
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success
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.RE
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.PP
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\fI1\fR
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.RS 4
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can\*(Aqt update password file
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.RE
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.PP
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\fI2\fR
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.RS 4
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invalid command syntax
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.RE
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.PP
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\fI6\fR
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.RS 4
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specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist
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.RE
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.PP
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\fI8\fR
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.RS 4
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user currently logged in
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.RE
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.PP
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\fI10\fR
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.RS 4
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can\*(Aqt update group file
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.RE
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.PP
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\fI12\fR
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.RS 4
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can\*(Aqt remove home directory
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.RE
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.SH "WARNUNGEN"
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.PP
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\fBuserdel\fR
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will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The
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\fB\-f\fR
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option can force the deletion of this account\&.
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.PP
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Sie sollten von Hand alle Dateisysteme in Hinblick auf Dateien dieses Benutzers pr\(:ufen und sie gegebenenfalls l\(:oschen\&.
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.PP
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Sie d\(:urfen keine NIS\-Attribute auf einem NIS\-Client l\(:oschen\&. Dies muss auf dem NIS\-Server durchgef\(:uhrt werden\&.
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.PP
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If
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\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
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is defined to
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\fIyes\fR
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in
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/etc/login\&.defs,
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\fBuserdel\fR
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will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases,
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\fBuserdel\fR
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will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The
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\fB\-f\fR
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option can force the deletion of this group\&.
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.SH "SIEHE AUCH"
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.PP
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\fBchfn\fR(1),
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\fBchsh\fR(1),
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\fBpasswd\fR(1),
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\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
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\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
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\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
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\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
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\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
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\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),
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\fBuseradd\fR(8),
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\fBusermod\fR(8)\&.
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