diff --git a/src/com/android/settings/SettingsPreferenceFragment.java b/src/com/android/settings/SettingsPreferenceFragment.java
index 363d601d0d1..f272c1da9d8 100644
--- a/src/com/android/settings/SettingsPreferenceFragment.java
+++ b/src/com/android/settings/SettingsPreferenceFragment.java
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 package com.android.settings;
 
 import static com.android.settings.SettingsActivity.EXTRA_FRAGMENT_ARG_KEY;
-import static com.android.settingslib.media.PhoneMediaDevice.isDesktop;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.Dialog;
@@ -187,13 +186,6 @@ public abstract class SettingsPreferenceFragment extends InstrumentedPreferenceF
 
     /** Returns if catalyst is enabled on current screen. */
     public final boolean isCatalystEnabled() {
-        // TODO(b/379130874): make Catalyst compatible with desktop device, such as user restriction
-        // check.
-        Context context = getContext();
-        if (context != null && isDesktop(context)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
         return getPreferenceScreenCreator() != null;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictionBindingHelper.kt b/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictionBindingHelper.kt
index 16104de782f..a1329c2ecdf 100644
--- a/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictionBindingHelper.kt
+++ b/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictionBindingHelper.kt
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ import com.android.settingslib.preference.PreferenceScreenBindingHelper.Companio
 
 /** Helper to rebind preference immediately when user restriction is changed. */
 class UserRestrictionBindingHelper(
-    context: Context,
+    private val context: Context,
     private val screenBindingHelper: PreferenceScreenBindingHelper,
-) : AutoCloseable {
+) : KeyedObserver<String>, AutoCloseable {
     private val restrictionKeysToPreferenceKeys: Map<String, MutableSet<String>> =
         mutableMapOf<String, MutableSet<String>>()
             .apply {
@@ -42,27 +42,29 @@ class UserRestrictionBindingHelper(
             }
             .toMap()
 
-    private val userRestrictionObserver: KeyedObserver<String?>?
-
     init {
-        if (restrictionKeysToPreferenceKeys.isEmpty()) {
-            userRestrictionObserver = null
-        } else {
-            val observer =
-                KeyedObserver<String?> { restrictionKey, _ ->
-                    restrictionKey?.let { notifyRestrictionChanged(it) }
-                }
-            UserRestrictions.addObserver(context, observer, HandlerExecutor.main)
-            userRestrictionObserver = observer
+        val restrictionKeys = restrictionKeysToPreferenceKeys.keys
+        if (restrictionKeys.isNotEmpty()) {
+            val userRestrictions = UserRestrictions.get(context)
+            val executor = HandlerExecutor.main
+            for (restrictionKey in restrictionKeys) {
+                userRestrictions.addObserver(restrictionKey, this, executor)
+            }
         }
     }
 
-    private fun notifyRestrictionChanged(restrictionKey: String) {
+    override fun onKeyChanged(restrictionKey: String, reason: Int) {
         val keys = restrictionKeysToPreferenceKeys[restrictionKey] ?: return
         for (key in keys) screenBindingHelper.notifyChange(key, CHANGE_REASON_STATE)
     }
 
     override fun close() {
-        userRestrictionObserver?.let { UserRestrictions.removeObserver(it) }
+        val restrictionKeys = restrictionKeysToPreferenceKeys.keys
+        if (restrictionKeys.isNotEmpty()) {
+            val userRestrictions = UserRestrictions.get(context)
+            for (restrictionKey in restrictionKeys) {
+                userRestrictions.removeObserver(restrictionKey, this)
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictions.kt b/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictions.kt
index 1fa68307a4a..880aa5d9991 100644
--- a/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictions.kt
+++ b/src/com/android/settings/restriction/UserRestrictions.kt
@@ -16,68 +16,58 @@
 
 package com.android.settings.restriction
 
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
 import android.content.Context
-import android.os.Bundle
-import android.os.IUserRestrictionsListener
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.IntentFilter
 import android.os.UserManager
-import com.android.settingslib.datastore.KeyedDataObservable
+import com.android.settingslib.datastore.AbstractKeyedDataObservable
+import com.android.settingslib.datastore.DataChangeReason
 import com.android.settingslib.datastore.KeyedObserver
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
 
 /** Helper class to monitor user restriction changes. */
-object UserRestrictions {
-    private val observable = KeyedDataObservable<String>()
+class UserRestrictions private constructor(private val applicationContext: Context) {
 
-    private val userRestrictionsListener =
-        object : IUserRestrictionsListener.Stub() {
-            override fun onUserRestrictionsChanged(
-                userId: Int,
-                newRestrictions: Bundle,
-                prevRestrictions: Bundle,
-            ) {
-                // there is no API to remove listener, do a quick check to avoid unnecessary work
-                if (!observable.hasAnyObserver()) return
+    private val observable =
+        object : AbstractKeyedDataObservable<String>() {
+            override fun onFirstObserverAdded() {
+                val intentFilter = IntentFilter()
+                intentFilter.addAction(UserManager.ACTION_USER_RESTRICTIONS_CHANGED)
+                applicationContext.registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intentFilter)
+            }
 
-                val changedKeys = mutableSetOf<String>()
-                val keys = newRestrictions.keySet() + prevRestrictions.keySet()
-                for (key in keys) {
-                    if (newRestrictions.getBoolean(key) != prevRestrictions.getBoolean(key)) {
-                        changedKeys.add(key)
-                    }
-                }
-
-                for (key in changedKeys) observable.notifyChange(key, 0)
+            override fun onLastObserverRemoved() {
+                applicationContext.unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver)
             }
         }
 
-    private val listenerAdded = AtomicBoolean()
+    private val broadcastReceiver: BroadcastReceiver =
+        object : BroadcastReceiver() {
+            override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
+                // there is no way to get the changed keys, just notify all observers
+                observable.notifyChange(DataChangeReason.UPDATE)
+            }
+        }
 
-    fun addObserver(context: Context, observer: KeyedObserver<String?>, executor: Executor) {
-        context.addUserRestrictionsListener()
+    fun addObserver(observer: KeyedObserver<String?>, executor: Executor) =
         observable.addObserver(observer, executor)
-    }
 
-    fun addObserver(
-        context: Context,
-        key: String,
-        observer: KeyedObserver<String>,
-        executor: Executor,
-    ) {
-        context.addUserRestrictionsListener()
+    fun addObserver(key: String, observer: KeyedObserver<String>, executor: Executor) =
         observable.addObserver(key, observer, executor)
-    }
-
-    private fun Context.addUserRestrictionsListener() {
-        if (listenerAdded.getAndSet(true)) return
-        // surprisingly, there is no way to remove the listener
-        applicationContext
-            .getSystemService(UserManager::class.java)
-            .addUserRestrictionsListener(userRestrictionsListener)
-    }
 
     fun removeObserver(observer: KeyedObserver<String?>) = observable.removeObserver(observer)
 
     fun removeObserver(key: String, observer: KeyedObserver<String>) =
         observable.removeObserver(key, observer)
+
+    companion object {
+        @Volatile private var instance: UserRestrictions? = null
+
+        fun get(context: Context) =
+            instance
+                ?: synchronized(this) {
+                    instance ?: UserRestrictions(context.applicationContext).also { instance = it }
+                }
+    }
 }