support for version 2 of block image diffs

In version 2 of block image diffs, we support a new command to load
data from the image and store it in the "stash table" and then
subsequently use entries in the stash table to fill in missing bits of
source data we're not allowed to read when doing move/bsdiff/imgdiff
commands.

This leads to smaller update packages because we can break cycles in
the ordering of how pieces are updated by storing data away and using
it later, rather than not using the data as input to the patch system
at all.  This comes at the cost of the RAM or scratch disk needed to
store the data.

The implementation is backwards compatible; it can still handle the
existing version 1 of the transfer file format.

Change-Id: I4559bfd76d5403859637aeac832f3a5e9e13b63a

updater/blockimg.c

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static RangeSet* parse_range(char* text) {
 
     RangeSet* out = malloc(sizeof(RangeSet) + num * sizeof(int));
     if (out == NULL) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate range of %lu bytes\n",
+        fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate range of %zu bytes\n",
                 sizeof(RangeSet) + num * sizeof(int));
         exit(1);
     }
@@ -245,6 +245,133 @@ static void* unzip_new_data(void* cookie) {
     return NULL;
 }
 
+// Do a source/target load for move/bsdiff/imgdiff in version 1.
+// 'wordsave' is the save_ptr of a strtok_r()-in-progress.  We expect
+// to parse the remainder of the string as:
+//
+//    <src_range> <tgt_range>
+//
+// The source range is loaded into the provided buffer, reallocating
+// it to make it larger if necessary.  The target ranges are returned
+// in *tgt, if tgt is non-NULL.
+
+static void LoadSrcTgtVersion1(char* wordsave, RangeSet** tgt, int* src_blocks,
+                               uint8_t** buffer, size_t* buffer_alloc, int fd) {
+    char* word;
+
+    word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+    RangeSet* src = parse_range(word);
+
+    if (tgt != NULL) {
+        word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+        *tgt = parse_range(word);
+    }
+
+    allocate(src->size * BLOCKSIZE, buffer, buffer_alloc);
+    size_t p = 0;
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < src->count; ++i) {
+        check_lseek(fd, (off64_t)src->pos[i*2] * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET);
+        size_t sz = (src->pos[i*2+1] - src->pos[i*2]) * BLOCKSIZE;
+        readblock(fd, *buffer+p, sz);
+        p += sz;
+    }
+
+    *src_blocks = src->size;
+    free(src);
+}
+
+static void MoveRange(uint8_t* dest, RangeSet* locs, const uint8_t* source) {
+    // source contains packed data, which we want to move to the
+    // locations given in *locs in the dest buffer.  source and dest
+    // may be the same buffer.
+
+    int start = locs->size;
+    int i;
+    for (i = locs->count-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+        int blocks = locs->pos[i*2+1] - locs->pos[i*2];
+        start -= blocks;
+        memmove(dest + (locs->pos[i*2] * BLOCKSIZE), source + (start * BLOCKSIZE),
+                blocks * BLOCKSIZE);
+    }
+}
+
+// Do a source/target load for move/bsdiff/imgdiff in version 2.
+// 'wordsave' is the save_ptr of a strtok_r()-in-progress.  We expect
+// to parse the remainder of the string as one of:
+//
+//    <tgt_range> <src_block_count> <src_range>
+//        (loads data from source image only)
+//
+//    <tgt_range> <src_block_count> - <[stash_id:stash_range] ...>
+//        (loads data from stashes only)
+//
+//    <tgt_range> <src_block_count> <src_range> <src_loc> <[stash_id:stash_range] ...>
+//        (loads data from both source image and stashes)
+//
+// On return, buffer is filled with the loaded source data (rearranged
+// and combined with stashed data as necessary).  buffer may be
+// reallocated if needed to accommodate the source data.  *tgt is the
+// target RangeSet.  Any stashes required are taken from stash_table
+// and free()'d after being used.
+
+static void LoadSrcTgtVersion2(char* wordsave, RangeSet** tgt, int* src_blocks,
+                               uint8_t** buffer, size_t* buffer_alloc, int fd,
+                               uint8_t** stash_table) {
+    char* word;
+
+    if (tgt != NULL) {
+        word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+        *tgt = parse_range(word);
+    }
+
+    word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+    *src_blocks = strtol(word, NULL, 0);
+
+    allocate(*src_blocks * BLOCKSIZE, buffer, buffer_alloc);
+
+    word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+    if (word[0] == '-' && word[1] == '\0') {
+        // no source ranges, only stashes
+    } else {
+        RangeSet* src = parse_range(word);
+
+        size_t p = 0;
+        int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < src->count; ++i) {
+            check_lseek(fd, (off64_t)src->pos[i*2] * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET);
+            size_t sz = (src->pos[i*2+1] - src->pos[i*2]) * BLOCKSIZE;
+            readblock(fd, *buffer+p, sz);
+            p += sz;
+        }
+        free(src);
+
+        word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+        if (word == NULL) {
+            // no stashes, only source range
+            return;
+        }
+
+        RangeSet* locs = parse_range(word);
+        MoveRange(*buffer, locs, *buffer);
+    }
+
+    while ((word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave)) != NULL) {
+        // Each word is a an index into the stash table, a colon, and
+        // then a rangeset describing where in the source block that
+        // stashed data should go.
+        char* colonsave = NULL;
+        char* colon = strtok_r(word, ":", &colonsave);
+        int stash_id = strtol(colon, NULL, 0);
+        colon = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &colonsave);
+        RangeSet* locs = parse_range(colon);
+        MoveRange(*buffer, locs, stash_table[stash_id]);
+        free(stash_table[stash_id]);
+        stash_table[stash_id] = NULL;
+        free(locs);
+    }
+}
+
 // args:
 //    - block device (or file) to modify in-place
 //    - transfer list (blob)
@@ -311,23 +438,33 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
     //    new [rangeset]
     //      - fill the blocks with data read from the new_data file
     //
-    //    bsdiff patchstart patchlen [src rangeset] [tgt rangeset]
-    //    imgdiff patchstart patchlen [src rangeset] [tgt rangeset]
-    //      - read the source blocks, apply a patch, write result to
-    //        target blocks.  bsdiff or imgdiff specifies the type of
-    //        patch.
-    //
-    //    move [src rangeset] [tgt rangeset]
-    //      - copy data from source blocks to target blocks (no patch
-    //        needed; rangesets are the same size)
-    //
     //    erase [rangeset]
     //      - mark the given blocks as empty
     //
+    //    move <...>
+    //    bsdiff <patchstart> <patchlen> <...>
+    //    imgdiff <patchstart> <patchlen> <...>
+    //      - read the source blocks, apply a patch (or not in the
+    //        case of move), write result to target blocks.  bsdiff or
+    //        imgdiff specifies the type of patch; move means no patch
+    //        at all.
+    //
+    //        The format of <...> differs between versions 1 and 2;
+    //        see the LoadSrcTgtVersion{1,2}() functions for a
+    //        description of what's expected.
+    //
+    //    stash <stash_id> <src_range>
+    //      - (version 2 only) load the given source range and stash
+    //        the data in the given slot of the stash table.
+    //
     // The creator of the transfer list will guarantee that no block
     // is read (ie, used as the source for a patch or move) after it
     // has been written.
     //
+    // In version 2, the creator will guarantee that a given stash is
+    // loaded (with a stash command) before it's used in a
+    // move/bsdiff/imgdiff command.
+    //
     // Within one command the source and target ranges may overlap so
     // in general we need to read the entire source into memory before
     // writing anything to the target blocks.
@@ -379,12 +516,18 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
 
     line = strtok_r(transfer_list, "\n", &linesave);
 
+    int version;
     // first line in transfer list is the version number; currently
     // there's only version 1.
-    if (strcmp(line, "1") != 0) {
+    if (strcmp(line, "1") == 0) {
+        version = 1;
+    } else if (strcmp(line, "2") == 0) {
+        version = 2;
+    } else {
         ErrorAbort(state, "unexpected transfer list version [%s]\n", line);
         goto done;
     }
+    printf("blockimg version is %d\n", version);
 
     // second line in transfer list is the total number of blocks we
     // expect to write.
@@ -394,33 +537,49 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
     if (total_blocks == 0) ++total_blocks;
     int blocks_so_far = 0;
 
+    uint8_t** stash_table = NULL;
+    if (version >= 2) {
+        // Next line is how many stash entries are needed simultaneously.
+        line = strtok_r(NULL, "\n", &linesave);
+        int stash_entries = strtol(line, NULL, 0);
+
+        stash_table = (uint8_t**) calloc(stash_entries, sizeof(uint8_t*));
+        if (stash_table == NULL) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate %d-entry stash table\n", stash_entries);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        // Next line is the maximum number of blocks that will be
+        // stashed simultaneously.  This could be used to verify that
+        // enough memory or scratch disk space is available.
+        line = strtok_r(NULL, "\n", &linesave);
+        int stash_max_blocks = strtol(line, NULL, 0);
+    }
+
     uint8_t* buffer = NULL;
     size_t buffer_alloc = 0;
 
     // third and subsequent lines are all individual transfer commands.
     for (line = strtok_r(NULL, "\n", &linesave); line;
          line = strtok_r(NULL, "\n", &linesave)) {
+
         char* style;
         style = strtok_r(line, " ", &wordsave);
 
         if (strcmp("move", style) == 0) {
-            word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+            RangeSet* tgt;
-            RangeSet* src = parse_range(word);
+            int src_blocks;
-            word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+            if (version == 1) {
-            RangeSet* tgt = parse_range(word);
+                LoadSrcTgtVersion1(wordsave, &tgt, &src_blocks,
-
+                                   &buffer, &buffer_alloc, fd);
-            printf("  moving %d blocks\n", src->size);
+            } else if (version == 2) {
-
+                LoadSrcTgtVersion2(wordsave, &tgt, &src_blocks,
-            allocate(src->size * BLOCKSIZE, &buffer, &buffer_alloc);
+                                   &buffer, &buffer_alloc, fd, stash_table);
-            size_t p = 0;
-            for (i = 0; i < src->count; ++i) {
-                check_lseek(fd, (off64_t)src->pos[i*2] * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET);
-                size_t sz = (src->pos[i*2+1] - src->pos[i*2]) * BLOCKSIZE;
-                readblock(fd, buffer+p, sz);
-                p += sz;
             }
 
-            p = 0;
+            printf("  moving %d blocks\n", src_blocks);
+
+            size_t p = 0;
             for (i = 0; i < tgt->count; ++i) {
                 check_lseek(fd, (off64_t)tgt->pos[i*2] * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET);
                 size_t sz = (tgt->pos[i*2+1] - tgt->pos[i*2]) * BLOCKSIZE;
@@ -432,9 +591,20 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
             fprintf(cmd_pipe, "set_progress %.4f\n", (double)blocks_so_far / total_blocks);
             fflush(cmd_pipe);
 
-            free(src);
             free(tgt);
 
+        } else if (strcmp("stash", style) == 0) {
+            word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+            int stash_id = strtol(word, NULL, 0);
+            int src_blocks;
+            size_t stash_alloc = 0;
+
+            // Even though the "stash" style only appears in version
+            // 2, the version 1 source loader happens to do exactly
+            // what we want to read data into the stash_table.
+            LoadSrcTgtVersion1(wordsave, NULL, &src_blocks,
+                               stash_table + stash_id, &stash_alloc, fd);
+
         } else if (strcmp("zero", style) == 0 ||
                    (DEBUG_ERASE && strcmp("erase", style) == 0)) {
             word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
@@ -493,23 +663,18 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
             word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
             size_t patch_len = strtoul(word, NULL, 0);
 
-            word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+            RangeSet* tgt;
-            RangeSet* src = parse_range(word);
+            int src_blocks;
-            word = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &wordsave);
+            if (version == 1) {
-            RangeSet* tgt = parse_range(word);
+                LoadSrcTgtVersion1(wordsave, &tgt, &src_blocks,
-
+                                   &buffer, &buffer_alloc, fd);
-            printf("  patching %d blocks to %d\n", src->size, tgt->size);
+            } else if (version == 2) {
-
+                LoadSrcTgtVersion2(wordsave, &tgt, &src_blocks,
-            // Read the source into memory.
+                                   &buffer, &buffer_alloc, fd, stash_table);
-            allocate(src->size * BLOCKSIZE, &buffer, &buffer_alloc);
-            size_t p = 0;
-            for (i = 0; i < src->count; ++i) {
-                check_lseek(fd, (off64_t)src->pos[i*2] * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET);
-                size_t sz = (src->pos[i*2+1] - src->pos[i*2]) * BLOCKSIZE;
-                readblock(fd, buffer+p, sz);
-                p += sz;
             }
 
+            printf("  patching %d blocks to %d\n", src_blocks, tgt->size);
+
             Value patch_value;
             patch_value.type = VAL_BLOB;
             patch_value.size = patch_len;
@@ -523,11 +688,11 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
             check_lseek(fd, (off64_t)tgt->pos[0] * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET);
 
             if (style[0] == 'i') {      // imgdiff
-                ApplyImagePatch(buffer, src->size * BLOCKSIZE,
+                ApplyImagePatch(buffer, src_blocks * BLOCKSIZE,
                                 &patch_value,
                                 &RangeSinkWrite, &rss, NULL, NULL);
             } else {
-                ApplyBSDiffPatch(buffer, src->size * BLOCKSIZE,
+                ApplyBSDiffPatch(buffer, src_blocks * BLOCKSIZE,
                                  &patch_value, 0,
                                  &RangeSinkWrite, &rss, NULL);
             }
@@ -541,7 +706,6 @@ Value* BlockImageUpdateFn(const char* name, State* state, int argc, Expr* argv[]
             fprintf(cmd_pipe, "set_progress %.4f\n", (double)blocks_so_far / total_blocks);
             fflush(cmd_pipe);
 
-            free(src);
             free(tgt);
         } else if (!DEBUG_ERASE && strcmp("erase", style) == 0) {
             struct stat st;